Agreement of corneal high-order aberrations measured by three wavefront aberrometers in myopic adults / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To evaluate the agreement of corneal high-order aberrations from Topcon KR-1W, i.Profiler and OPD-Scan Ⅲ wavefront aberrometers in myopic adults.METHODS:A prospective clinical study. A total of 92 adult patients(92 eyes)with myopia in the department of optometry, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from June to August 2022 were enrolled. The third-order and fourth-order corneal aberrations at the pupil diameter of 4 and 6mm were measured by Topcon KR-1W, i.Profiler, and OPD-Scan Ⅲ, respectively. The difference and agreement of the three aberrometers were evaluated.RESULTS: The measurements at 6mm pupil diameter were all greater than those at 4mm pupil diameter. Although there were no statistical differences in the measurements of Z-44、Z-24 by the three aberrometers at 4 pupil diameter(P>0.05), there were statistical differences in other measurements(P<0.05). The aberration results measured by the three aberrometers were statistically different at the 6mm pupil diameter(P<0.05). The 95% limit of agreement(95%LoA)of the measurements of higher-order aberration, including the third-order aberrations at 4mm pupil diameter and the third-order and fourth-order aberrations at 6mm pupil diameter(except for the Z-24)were greater than 0.1μm. The concordance correlation coefficient(Pc)was lower than 0.90, indicating a poor consistency. The correlation coefficients of corneal higher-order aberrations were significantly different among the three aberrometers at 4 and 6mm pupil diameter(r4mm=0.215～0.805, P4mm<0.05; r6mm=0.561～0.916, P6mm<0.001).CONCLUSION:There were significant differences in the measurements of the third- and fourth-order corneal aberrations at 4 and 6mm pupil diameter among Topcon KR-1W, i.Profiler, and OPD-Scan Ⅲ, and the agreements were poor, so they are not interchangeably in clinical applications.

Mechanism of obesity affecting periodontal tissue regeneration and therapeutic strategies / 中华口腔医学杂志

Obesity is an important health problem in our society today, which can lead to the chronic low-grade inflammation state, to be an inducement for many chronic diseases such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. As a common oral chronic infectious disease, periodontitis is mainly characterized by gingival inflammation, periodontal pocket formation, alveolar bone resorption and tooth mobility. The ultimate goal of periodontitis treatment is to achieve periodontal tissue regeneration in the defect area. As a major risk factor for periodontitis, obesity can alter the periodontal inflammatory microenvironment in multiple ways, affecting the effects of periodontal tissue regeneration ultimately. Therefore, this paper will review the relationship between obesity and periodontal tissue regeneration, mechanism of obesity affecting periodontal tissue regeneration and the therapeutic strategies of periodontal tissue regeneration, providing new ideas for periodontal tissue regeneration treatment in obesity.

Mouse strain-specific responses of mitochondrial respiratory function and cardiac hypertrophy to isoproterenol treatment / 生理学报

Cardiac hypertrophy is a common pathological process of various cardiovascular diseases and eventually develops into heart failure. This paper was aimed to study the different pathological characteristics exhibited by different mouse strains after hypertrophy stimulation. Two mouse strains, A/J and FVB/nJ, were treated with isoproterenol (ISO) by osmotic pump to induce cardiac hypertrophy. Echocardiography was performed to monitor heart morphology and function. Mitochondria were isolated from hearts in each group, and oxidative phosphorylation function was assayed in vitro. The results showed that both strains showed a compensatory enhancement of heart contractile function after 1-week ISO treatment. The A/J mice, but not the FVB/nJ mice, developed significant cardiac hypertrophy after 3-week ISO treatment as evidenced by increases in left ventricular posterior wall thickness, heart weight/body weight ratio, cross sectional area of cardiomyocytes and cardiac hypertrophic markers. Interestingly, the heart from A/J mice contained higher mitochondrial DNA copy number compared with that from FVB/nJ mice. Functionally, the mitochondria from A/J mice displayed faster O

A family clustering of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by asymptomatic infection / 上海预防医学

Objective:To analyze a family clustering of coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） associated with the exposure to an asymptomatic case， and to provide evidences of developing strategies for COVID-19 prevention. Methods:Epidemiological investigation was conducted on a COVID-19 family cluster （1 confirmed case and 2 asymptomatic cases）. The specimens of the cases were tested for 2019 novel coronavirus nucleic acid with real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results:The clustering epidemic occurred in a family. Two asymptomatic cases B and C （B’s son） had Wuhan residential history. After arrival in Beijing on January 24， 2020， B stayed in his mother's house. One family member A （B’s mother） developed the disease on February 7， 2020， while the other two family members D and E （B’s wife and brother） did not develop the disease， and they were managed as close contacts. Conclusion:Thisfamily COVID-19 clustering is induced by the exposure to an asymptomatic case. Identification of asymptomatic cases is very important for the control of COVID-19 epidemic.

Epidemiological study of a family cluster of coronavirus disease 2019 in Fangshan District， Beijing / 上海预防医学

Objective:To conduct epidemiological investigation of a family cluster of coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） in Fangshan District， Beijing， so as to provide reference and scientific basis for the strategy of prevention and control. Methods:Based on the "Prevention and Control Plan for COVID-19 （Third Edition）"issued by the National Health Commission of China， two cases from the same family were studied by field epidemiological investigation method. Sputum and/or throat swab specimens were collected and sent to the laboratory of Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention （CDC） for nucleic acid detection of 2019 novel coronavirus （2019-nCoV）. Tracking close contacts and isolation observation were conducted. Results:Both sputum and throat swab specimens of case 1 were positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid on February 3rd， 2020. Case 2 （wife of case 1） received screening as a close contact， and throat swab specimen was positive on February 4th， 2020. Therefore， it was determined to be a family cluster. The epidemic was effectively controlled after a series of measures， including isolation treatment， medical observation according to management of close contact and terminal disinfection of residence. Conclusion:The CDC professionals should strengthen monitoring of new findings， comprehensively analyze case data based on the latest research trends， improve professional sensitivity， and conduct timely screening to detect cases as soon as possible for the prevention of further epidemic spreading.

Advances in understanding the role of sphingosine kinase-2 in tumorigenesis and its inhibitors / 药学学报

In recent years the role of sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2), a key enzyme in the sphingolipid pathway, in the process of tumorigenesis has gradually been elucidated. Recent research has shown that SphK2 inhibitors can be used as anticancer drugs alone or in combination with existing drugs to increase the therapeutic sensitivity of drug-resistant tumors. Among them, one selective SphK2 inhibitor, ABC294640, shows excellent oral bioavailability and biodistribution in vivo and has now entered Phase II clinical research. Therefore, developing innovative drugs based on SphK2 is of great interest. Herein, we discuss progress in understanding the role of SphK2 in tumorigenesis and review the recent development of inhibitors of SphK2.

Field Fungal Diversity in Freshly Harvested Japonica Rice

Rice is a major food crop in China and Japonica rice production in Heilongjiang Province ranks No.1 in total annual rice production in the country. Rice is prone to invasion by fungi and mycotoxinsproduced by the fungi are proven to be serious threats to human health. The objective of the present study was to investigate fungal diversity of freshly harvested rice in the four main cultivation regions of Heilongjiang Province in order to find the difference of dominant fungi among the four regions. Through high throughput sequencing we detected Ascomycotaaccounts for absolute dominant phylum; Dothideomycetes, Sordariomycetes, Tremellomycetes, Microbotryomycetes, and Eurotiomyceteswere dominant classes; Capnodiales, Hypocreales, and Pleosporaleswere the main orders; Cladosporiaceae, Pleosporaceae, Nectriaceae, Clavicipitaceae, Tremellaceae, Phaeosphaeriaceae, Trimorphomycetaceae, Sporidiobolaceae, Bionectriaceae,and Trichocomaceaewere major family;Cladosporium, Epicoccum, Fusarium, and Alternariawere the most abundant phylotypes at genus level; Epicoccumnigrum, Gibberellazeae, and Fusariumproliferatumwere the dominant fungal species. Great fungal diversity was observed in the rice samples harvested in the four major Japonica rice-growing regions in Heilongjiang province. However, no significant difference in diversity was observed among the four regions, likely due to the relatively close geographical proximity leading to very similar climatic conditions. Since some of the fungal species produce mycotoxins, it is necessary to take precautions to ensure the rice is stored under safe conditions to prevent the production of mycotoxins. This is the first report on investigation of field fungal diversity in freshly harvested Japonica rice in Heilongjiang Province in China.

Therapeutic effects and spectra-effect relationship of different extracts of Eucommia ulmoides on Parkinson’s disease mice / 中草药

Objective: To explore the therapeutic effects of different extracts of Eucommia ulmoides on Parkinson’s disease mice, as well as the relationship between ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) fingerprint and treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Methods Through the mouse climbing test and the content of dopamine (DA) in the striatum of the brain, the therapeutic effect of different gradient ethanol extracts of E. ulmoides on Parkinson’s disease mice was observed. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was used to analyze the fingerprints of different extracts of E. ulmoides. Combined with the results of climbing rod test and dopamine content, partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis was used to establish the pharmacodynamic relationship between E. ulmoides and Parkinson’s disease. Results The 50% and 75% ethanol extracts of E. ulmoides could significantly shorten the climbing time. The 75% ethanol extract of E. ulmoides significantly increased the striatum dopamine content in the brain. The results of PLSR analysis showed that ulmoside, liriodendrin, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, caffeic acid in E. ulmoides were closely related to climbing rod and dopamine content of mice. Conclusion The ethanol extract of E. ulmoides has anti-Parkinson’s disease effect, and the effect is most significant with 75% alcohol extract. The compounds of ulmoside, liriodendrin, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, caffeic acid may be the main active ingredients of E. ulmoides in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.

Effect of Chaibei Zhixian Decoction and Its Absorption Component Peimine on Content of Carbamazepine in Rat Brain and Investigation of Its Mechanism / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of Chaibei Zhixian decoction and peimine on Carbamazepine (CBZ) concentration, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multi drug resistance 1(MDR1) expression in the brain tissues of rats with refractory epilepsy, and to understand the contribution of Peimine in the compound prescription to treat the refractory epilepsy. Method:Epilepsy rat models were established by injecting kainic acid (KA) in the lateral ventricle. The successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into model group, CBZ group(0.12 g·kg-1),Chaibei Zhixian decoction+CBZ group(8.39 g·kg-1+0.12 g·kg-1), peimine+CBZ group(0.01 g·kg-1+0.12 g·kg-1) and sham operation group. After 60 days of intervention, the expression levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and MDR1b mRNA in the brain cortex were detected by Western blot and quantitative real\|time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR),the contents of CBZ and 10,11-epoxidation of carbamazepine (CBZE) were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Result:Compared with sham group, the expression of P-gp/MDR1 in the cortex of model group was significantly increased (PPPPPPPConclusion:Chaibei Zhixian decoction and peimine may increase the content of CBZ and CBZE in the brain tissues in rats with intractable epilepsy by reducing the expression of MDR1/P-gp in the cortex.

Wrist-ankle needle combined with opioid drugs on refractory cancer pain: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical effect of wrist-ankle needle combined with opioid drugs and opioid drugs alone in treating refractory cancer pain.@*METHODS@#Sixty patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each one. The opioid drugs in accordance with the three-step analgesic principle and other auxiliary drugs were treated in the control group. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, wrist-ankle needle was added in the observation group, and acupoints were selected according to the pain site and the primary focus, the treatment was given once a day for 10 days. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score, the times of pain outbreaks and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared at the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th and 10th days of treatment and the 3rd and 7th days after treatment. The therapeutic effect in the two groups were compared after treatment.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the VAS scores in the observation group were significantly reduced from the 2nd day of wrist-ankle needle treatment, and continued to the 3rd day after the end of the treatment (0.05); compared with the control group, the times of pain outbreaks in the observation group decreased from the 2nd day to the 10th day of treatment (all <0.05); the incidence of nausea, vomiting and constipation in the observation group was significantly reduced compared with the control group (<0.05); the total effective rate in the observation group was 86.7% (26/30), which was higher than 76.7% (23/30) in the control group (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Wrist-ankle needle combined with opioid drugs can increase the efficacy of the refractory cancer pain and reduce the adverse reactions of opioid drugs.

Optimization of extraction process for total saponins from fibrous root of Anemarrhena asphodeloides and its protective effect on PC12 cells induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation / 中草药

Objective: To optimize the extraction of total saponins from fibrous root of Anemarrhena asphodeloides (TSFAA) and explore its protective effect on PC12 cells induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Methods: Single factor experiment and Box-Benhken response surface method were used to select the best extraction technology. The model of PC12 cells induced by OGD was established and treated with the total concentration of 20, 40, and 80 mg/L TSFAA. Inverted microscope was used to observe the morphology of PC12 cells, and cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Fluorescence probe was used to detect the intracellular oxygen free radical (ROS), and Annexin V/PI double staining method was performed to measure the apoptotic rate. The apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and Bax expression were detected by Western blotting. Results: The optimum conditions were as follows: The concentration of solvent was 72.22%; The ratio of material to liquid was 1:11; And the extraction time was 73.33 min. Under this condition, the theoretical calculated extraction rate was 8.38% and the measured value was 8.33%. PC12 cells viability was significantly decreased after OGD injury for 4 h. However, TGA showed a dose-dependent protective effect on OGD-induced cell damage; Flow cytometry analysis showed that TSFAA significantly reduced the content of ROS and apoptotic rate of PC12 cells. Also, Western blotting showed that TSFAA up-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 and down-regulated Bax expression. Conclusion: The extraction process for TSFAA optimized by response surface method has high yield and good extraction effect. TSFAA has protective effect on PC12 cells injured by OGD. The mechanism may be related to the decrease in the content of ROS in PC12 cells induced by OGD and the inhibition of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

Analysis of the Carbapenemase Genotype in the Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii in Traumatology Department / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the genotype of D class of carbapenemase of carbapenem－resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in traumatology department, so as to guide the rational use of antibiotics as well as prevent the nosocomial infection. Methods A total of 96 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were collected in traumatology department. Patient history were analyzed and genotype of carbapenemases of OXA－51,OXA－23,ISAba1－oxa－51 and ISAba1－oxa－23 were analyzed by PCR.Results 70.84% (68/96) of Acinetobacter baumannii were isolated from wound tissue. 12 antibacterial agents were tested, 96 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii showed the highest resistance rate (78.13%) to imipenem and the lowest resistance rate (43.75%) to levofloxacin. Among 23 strains of imipenem－sensitive Acinetobacter baumannii, OXA－ 51 gene expression was not detected in 4 strains, however, OXA－23 gene expression were observed in 5 strains. The gene expression rates of OXA－51,OXA－23, ISAba1－oxa－51 and ISAba1－oxa－23 genes were 100%, 95.89%, 79.45% and 71.23% respectively in 73 strains of imipenem－insensitive Acinetobacter baumannii. The rate of gene expression profile of OXA－51+ISAba1－oxa－51+OXA－23+ISAba1－oxa－23 was 65.75% .Conclusion The strains of imipenem－sensitive Acinetobacter baumannii may have the gene expression of OXA－23 of D class of carbapenemase. The main pattern of carbapenemase－producing was OXA－51+ISAba1－oxa－51+OXA－23+ISAba1－oxa－23 in traumatology department,which might be regarded as one of the mechanisms that led to the high resistance of the bacterium of acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenem antibiotics.

Pharmacokinetics of levornidazole disodium phosphate in monkey / 药学学报

This study was carried out to investigate the pharmacokinetics/bioequivalence of levornidazole disodium phosphate by using stable isotope labeled drug, evaluated the pharmacokinetic profile and confirmed the prodrug characteristics of levornidazole disodium phosphate in monkey. Levornidazole (Drug A) and stable isotope 15N labeled levornidazole disodium phosphate (Drug B) were mixed with equal mole amount (experiment I); stable isotope 15N labeled levornidazole disodium phosphate (Drug B) and levornidazole disodium phosphate (Drug C) were mixed with equal mole amount, respectively. After giving the mixed drugs to the monkey, the concentration of 15N-levornidazole disodium phosphate, levornidazole disodium phosphate, 15N-levornidazole and levornidazole in plasma samples of pre-dosing and 24 h after administration were analyzed by a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Pharmacokinetic calculations were performed through non-compartmental analysis using WinNonlin software. Two-sided 90% confidence intervals (CI) were used to evaluate the bioequivalence of two drugs. The results showed that levornidazole disodium phosphate was metabolized to levornidazole rapidly after administration, the body exposure were increased with the dosage. The method of bioequivalence used in this study was different from the traditional two periods, crossover design. By using the method of this study, the effects of administration period, intra-individual variability, and sequence of administration on bioequivalence were avoided. The results of this study had successfully supported the pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence study of this drug in human using the same approach.

Therapeutic effect of acupuncture combining standard swallowing training for post-stroke dysphagia: A prospective cohort study / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the therapeutic effect of acupuncture combining standard swallowing training for patients with dysphagia after stroke.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 105 consecutively admitted patients with post-stroke dysphagia in the Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine were included: 50 patients from the Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation received standard swallowing training and acupuncture treatment (acupuncture group); 55 patients from the Department of Neurology received standard swallowing training only (control group). Participants in both groups received 5-day therapy per week for a 4-week period. The primary outcome measures included the scores of Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study (VFSS) and the Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA); the secondary outcome measure was the Royal Brisbane Hospital Outcome Measure for Swallowing (RBHOMS), all of which were assessed before and after the 4-week treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 98 subjects completed the study (45 in the acupuncture group and 53 in the control group). Significant differences were seen in VFSS, SSA and RBHOMS scores in each group after 4-week treatment as compared with before treatment (P<0.01). Comparison between the groups after 4-week treatment showed that the VFSS P=0.007) and SSA scores (P=0.000) were more significantly improved in the acupuncture group than the control group. However, there was no statistical difference (P=0.710) between the acupuncture and the control groups in RBHOMS scores.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Acupuncture combined with the standard swallowing training was an effective therapy for post-stroke dysphagia, and acupuncture therapy is worth further investigation in the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia.</p>

Adsorption and release behavior of epirubicin hydrochloride on carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes / 药学学报

In this study, the adsorption behavior of epirubicin hydrochloride (EPI) on carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes (c-SWNTs) obtained by mixture acid treatment was investigated. The results indicated that the dispersion of c-SWNTs in water was obviously improved. The absorption of EPI on c-SWNTs came to equilibrium after 240 min and could be explained by pseudo-second-order model. Moreover, there were heterogeneous distribution of active sites onto c-SWNTs surface and the Freundlich isotherm model was better fit to describe the absorption precess of EPI on c-SWNTs. The absorption capacity of EPI on c-SWNTs increased obviously with the increasing pH and decreasing temperature. Compared with multi-walled carbon nanotubes, carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes, SWNTs, c-SWNTs possessed higher absorption capacity for EPI. The controlled, targeted and sustained release of EPI from c-SWNTs-EPI could be instructive for the development of nano-carrier.

Aberrant promoter CpG methylation and its translational applications in breast cancer / 癌症

Breast cancer is a complex disease driven by multiple factors including both genetic and epigenetic alterations. Recent studies revealed that abnormal gene expression induced by epigenetic changes, including aberrant promoter methylation and histone modification, plays a critical role in human breast carcinogenesis. Silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) by promoter CpG methylation facilitates cells growth and survival advantages and further results in tumor initiation and progression, thus directly contributing to breast tumorigenesis. Usually, aberrant promoter methylation of TSGs, which can be reversed by pharmacological reagents, occurs at the early stage of tumorigenesis and therefore may serve as a potential tumor marker for early diagnosis and therapeutic targeting of breast cancer. In this review, we summarize the epigenetic changes of multiple TSGs involved in breast pathogenesis and their potential clinical applications as tumor markers for early detection and treatment of breast cancer.

Promoter methylation of tumor suppressor genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma / 癌症

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a prevalent and fatal cancer in China and other Asian countries. Epigenetic silencing of key tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) is critical to ESCC initiation and progression. Recently, many novel TSGs silenced by promoter methylation have been identified in ESCC, and these genes further serve as potential tumor markers for high-risk group stratification, early detection, and prognosis prediction. This review summarizes recent discoveries on aberrant promoter methylation of TSGs in ESCC, providing better understanding of the role of disrupted epigenetic regulation in tumorigenesis and insight into diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for this malignancy.

Effects of transplantation of adrenomedullin gene modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on cardiac function in rats with heart failure / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transfected with adrenomedullin (ADM) on cardiac function in heart failure rats and the mechanism.Methods BMSCs were isolated from femur and tibia marrow of 10 rats,20 days old,body weight 30-50 g,and in vitro cultured.The third passage of BMSCs were tuansfected with adenovirus containing ADM and labeled with green fluorescent protein(GFP).Before transplantation,BMSCs were labeled with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI).Eighty healthy male Wistar rats weighted 180-200 g were randomly divided into 2 groups according to body weight:control group (n =10) was injected with normal saline (NS); diffuse myocardial injury heart failure rat model(n =70) was established by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (ISO,170 mg/kg) every day for 4 consecutive days.Four weeks after administration of ISO,heart function was assessed by echocardiography,the 39 rats with left ventricle ejection fraction(LVEF) ＜ 70％ of global heart failure model were randomly divided into three groups in accordance with the level of heart function:untransfected group,transfected group and NS group.DAPI labeled untransfected BMSCs suspension,ADM gene transfected BMSC suspensions (3 × 106/150 μl) and equal volume of NS were injected into the left ventricular anterior wall in 4 places in each goup.Control group received thoracotomy only.Four weeks after transplantation,rats were examined by ultrasound echocardiography,then were sacrificed and left ventricular were dissected.The myocardium was stained with Massons trichrome to analyze myocardial tissue fibrosis.The transplanted cells were observed by fluorescence microscopy and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression of myocardial tissue was detected in each group by Western blotting.Results After in vitro culture for three days,the BMSCs began to grow adherently,tended to be fused about 10 days,in the fusiform shape.Four weeks after transplantation,ultrasound echocardiography results showed that rat cardiac left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVDs),LVEF,and left ventricular cardiac fractional shortening (LVFS) were different between groups,and the difference were statistically significant(F =5.838,32.983,51.714,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the control group[(86.50 ± 1.54)％,(50.66 ± 1.87)％],the LVEF and LVFS of NS groups[(56.67 ± 6.86)％,(26.27 ± 4.01)％],the transfected group[(79.40 ± 1.70)％,(43.48 ±2.15)％] and untransfected group[(69.24 ± 7.30)％,(34.59 ± 5.13)％] were significantly lower(all P ＜ 0.05);compared with the NS group,the LVEF and LVFS of the transfected groups and the untransfected group were significantly increased(all P ＜ 0.05) ; compared with the untransfected group,the LVEF and LVFS of the transfected group were increased (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group [(3.16 ± 0.22)mm],the LVDs of the NS group[(5.35 ± 1.57)mm] was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.01); compared with the NS group,the LVDs of the transfected group and the untransfected group[(3.95 ± 0.55),(4.24 ± 0.92)mm] were significantly decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between the control group,the transfected group and the untransfected group in LVDs (P ＞ 0.05).It can clearly be seen that there was GFP and DAPI labeled transplanted cells under a fluorescence microscope in the myocardial tissue transplanted area.There was significant difference in myocardial fibrosis area and the myocardial tissue protein expression of MMP-2 between groups(F =533.75,32.777,all P ＜ 0.01).The area ratio of the NS group[(15.200 ± 0.356)％,0.584 ± 0.013],the transfected group[(8.530 ± 0.573)％,0.386 ± 0.017] and the untransfected group [(10.670 ± 0.369)％,0.438 ± 0.015] and the MMP-2 protein expression were significantly higher than that of the control group[(1.070 ± 0.113)％,0.319 ±0.013,all P ＜ 0.01)]; compared with the NS group,the two index of the transfected group and the untransfected group were decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the untransfected group,the two index of the transfected group was decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Transplantation of ADM gene transfected BMSCs can improve heart function of rats with heart failure significantly and reduce myocardial fibrosis.

Application of PCR combined with reverse line blot assay in detection and identification of common pathogenic Aspergillus in fungal sinusitis / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the feasibility of PCR/reverse line blot hybridization (RLB) assay in the detection and identification of clinical pathogens in fungal sinusitis (FS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-six formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues and 8 fresh tissues of FS were collected from Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from May 2009 to February 2010. Pathological examination, fungal culture and ITS2 region sequencing were carried out. The DNA of all samples was extracted by standard procedure and fungal universal primers ITS3 and ITS4 were used for PCR amplification of all tissues. Then the amplified products were used for RLB with five fungal species-specific probes. The results of PCR/RLB were compared with ITS region sequencing, fungal culture and pathological examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For the biopsy tissues, fungal cultures were positive in 14 cases (41.2%); pathologic examination demonstrated fungal hyphae in all cases; ITS2 region sequencing was successful in 16 cases (47.1%); PCR/RLB showed A. flavus in 14 cases, A. fumigatus in 10 cases, A. niger in four cases, A. nidulans in one case, A. flavus and A. fumigatus in three cases, and A. fumigatus and A. niger in two cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The PCR/RLB assay is suitable for rapid and accurate detection and identification of the pathogenic fungus of FS. Compared with the conventional fungal culture and microscopy, pathologic examination and DNA sequencing, the PCR/RLB has the advantages of more economy, time saving, and higher sensitivity, specificity and throughput.</p>

Exposure to avian influenza virus and the infection status of virus among people breeding or butchering ducks in the suburb of Beijing / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the exposure and the infection status of virus among people engaging in breeding or butchering ducks in the suburb of Beijing.Methods People from six districts (Daxing,Fangshan,Huairou,Miyun,Shunyi,Tongzhou) who engaged in breeding or butchering ducks were studied and the status of infecting avian influenza virus was obtained by testing antibody level in serum.Information on demographic characteristics,status of regular exposure and exposure to sick or dead poultry were collected through a self-designed questionnaire.Results 1741people were involved in this study in which 313 (18.0％ ) were workers in duck-breeding enterprise,562 (32.3％) were workers in duck slaughterhouse,261 (15.0％) farmers were in individualsmall-scale duck farms,605 (34.7％) were farmers raising duck in backyard.Among farmers raising duck in backyard,the percentage of people whose ducks ever contacted with wild birds was higher than the other three groups (66.8％)(P＜0.05).Among farmers who bred their ducks in the backyard (35.2％) and those abattoir workers (31.3％ ),the percentage of people who had contacted ducks but not been vaccinated with avian influenza vaccine was higher than the other two groups (P＜0.05).Regarding the status on cleaning and disinfection among the studied farmers who had bred their ducks in the backyard,the percentage of people who had closer contact with ducks would clean the settings more than 4 times per month (8.8％) and disinfected those places more than 12 times per year (27.3％) but still lower than the other three groups (P＜0.05).Among those farmers who bred ducks in the backyard,the percentage of people who had ever touched duck with their hands was high (34.4％) (P＜ 0.05).Regarding exposure to sick or dead poultry,higher proportion was found among those who had ever closely contacted sick or dead poultry commercial duck raisers (36.1％) and individuals who raise large amount of ducks (36.0％).70.8％ of the individual duck raisers had never taken any protective measures when closely contacting the sick or dead poultry.Among 1741 samples,0 were positive to avian influenza virus H5 and H7 subtypes.12 were positive to H9 subtype (positive rate was 0.7％ ),in which 10 were farmers raising ducks in backyard (the positive rate of 1.7％ ).Differences between H9 subtype antibody positive rates difference in 4 population groups were statistically significant (x2=13.699,P＜0.05).Conclusion Farmers who bred their ducks in the backyard had greater risk of contracting the avian influenza.Individual duckers who raise ducks in large scale and the farmers who bred their ducks in the backyard were in lack of protective measures when contacting the sick or dead poultry.Our findings suggested that some intervention measures should be taken to reduce the risk of avian influenza infection.